Food inflation in emerging economies remains stubbornly high despite easing global inflation. Using cross-country data and IMF and FAO insights, this analysis explains why food prices remain sticky, how this
Structural Injustice of TVM analyzes how the time value of money transforms time into guaranteed income, producing inequality, debt dependence, and financial instability. It contrasts this framework with Islamic economic
This analysis explains Bay‘ al-Salam and clarifies why Bay‘ al-Salam cannot be used to justify higher prices, deferred payment, or the time value of money in Islamic economics, while outlining