Global recession risk 2026 remains elevated despite moderate growth forecasts. This analysis examines early warning indicators, financial and fiscal vulnerabilities, and coordinated policy responses for central banks and finance ministries
Climate adaptation fiscal risk is emerging as a central challenge for emerging economies. This policy note examines how rising adaptation spending pressures public budgets, interacts with debt sustainability, and reshapes
Gold silver price surge in 2025 highlights rising geopolitical tensions, Federal Reserve rate cut expectations, and growing safe-haven demand. This policy note explains record gold and silver prices and what
The PIA privatization deal at Rs 135 billion is a landmark Pakistan SOE reform. This policy note examines the deal structure, fiscal risk transfer, IMF reform alignment, governance challenges, and
The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa crisis represents a multi-layered breakdown of governance, economic stability, and social cohesion. This policy note examines how security disruptions, poverty, corruption, and youth vulnerability reinforce institutional decay,
Energy subsidy reform is critical for fiscal stability and efficient energy markets. This policy note examines fiscal costs, reform pathways, and global signals shaping energy pricing reform in emerging economies,